Subsidiary or branch?
A comparison of the two main forms in which foreign businesses operate in Poland
Danuta Pajewska: Dual listing increases the opportunities for raising capital
An interview with Danuta Pajewska, the partner in charge of the Capital Markets practice and the Financial Institutions practice at Wardyński & Partners, about the advantages for a company when its shares are admitted to trading on more than one stock exc
Compliance of the French procédure de sauvegarde with Polish public policy
The Supreme Court of Poland held that recognition of French procédure de sauvegarde in Poland – one of the proceedings to which Regulation No. 1346/2000 applies – leads to a result that is consistent with Polish public policy.
Commercial register transcripts free online
Since 1 January 2012, the National Court Register Information Centre has been required to provide free online access to complete up-to-date information from the National Court Register and copies of documents submitted to the registry files.
Mandatory elements of the articles of association of a limited-liability company
Z punktu widzenia kontrahentów i wierzycieli przystąpienie nowego wspólnika zarządzającego do spółki komandytowej lub komandytowo-akcyjnej jest co do zasady korzystne.
Tax office needs to know about amendments to corporate charter
The Commercial Companies Code requires a company to notify the tax office of amendments to its articles of association or statute, but the law provides no sanctions for failure to do so.
Preliminary agreement for real estate transaction without a shareholder resolution?
A company may enter into a preliminary agreement to buy or sell real estate without obtaining shareholder approval, but the lack of a shareholder resolution will prevent the parties from seeking a court order enforcing the promise to go through with the t
Audit committees in public companies
When a company is listed on the stock exchange, it should appoint an audit committee within the supervisory board. The committee must include an independent director with audit or accounting competence.
Duties of the management board of a limited-liability company in the process of share transactions
Sale or encumbrance of shares in a Polish limited-liability company requires the management board to take certain actions, including entry of changes in the share ledger and, in some cases, consent to the transaction.
Lack of due diligence is not an unlawful act
A management board member’s failure to apply due diligence does not result in liability to the company without a specific unlawful act causing injury to the company.
Outsourcing bookkeeping services
What are the obligations, barriers and costs that an existing company must deal with before beginning to provide accounting services as an additional business for outside entities?
Easier to merge or spin off companies
An amendment to the Commercial Companies Code went into effect on 27 October 2011, simplifying and shortening the procedures for corporate mergers and divisions, including cross-border mergers.
