| In Principle

Comments on the consequences of failure to observe the required form when selling shares in a limited-liability company and the possibility of correcting this defect.

The effectiveness of provisions for payment of a contractual penalty for renunciation of an agreement is determined by the mutual intent of the parties as reflected in the content of the agreement.

A company’s tax year, and thus its financial year, need not be the same as the calendar year. In certain situations it may even cover a period longer than 12 months. And changing the tax year can sometimes generate tax advantages.

Is it cause for concern if, with the passage of time, construction documentation for buildings and other structures gets mislaid?

In public procurement proceedings, a party dissatisfied with a ruling of the National Appeal Chamber will still have to pay high fees for judicial review.

Not every solution that works in a contract under foreign law is equally effective or justified when the contract is governed by Polish law.

During due diligence, it should be determined whether a producer of waste has released itself from proper management of the waste by outsourcing management of the waste to third parties.

According to the Supreme Court, a shareholders’ resolution inconsistent with principles of social coexistence violates good practices under Art. 249 §1 of the Commercial Companies Code.

Recent amendments to the Transparency for Listed Companies Directive should improve the system for release of information by listed companies.

A management board member, with access to confidential company information, is subject to a number of restrictions on buying or selling shares of the company, on his own or another’s account.

Remarks on problems related to the ability to modify contract terms to reflect changing circumstances, and the duration of long-term contracts

Administrative fines and increased fees for exploitation of the environment are increasingly included in environmental regulations as sanctions.