Joanna Duda
Parcel lockers: No building permit required, but subject to real estate tax?
The pandemic has affected the way we shop. More and more frequently, buyers order products (including Christmas gifts) online with delivery to a designated customer service location or a parcel locker, so they don’t have to wait at home in the time slots indicated by the courier. More parcel lockers are appearing in housing estates and on the street. While it is clear that constructing parcel lockers does not require a building permit, are parcel lockers subject to real estate tax?
Documents preferred over witnesses
In the course of a construction dispute, to prove certain facts the parties most often request the examination of evidence not only from documents, but also submit numerous requests to hear witness testimony. However, according to parliamentary findings, witness testimony tends to increase the length and cost of court proceedings, and also allows for procedural manipulations. Therefore, the parliament restricted the admissibility of witness testimony in commercial proceedings. This has had an impact on the day-to-day operations of companies.
W kwestii pouczeń pisanych po ludzku na razie obeszliśmy się smakiem
W naszym tegorocznym Roczniku pisaliśmy o podjętych przez Ministerstwo Sprawiedliwości pracach koncepcyjnych nad projektem rozporządzenia, które miało określać wzory pouczeń udzielanych na piśmie. Reforma Kodeksu postępowania cywilnego wprowadzona ustawą z 4 lipca 2019 r. przewidywała bowiem, że z uwagi na potrzebę ustandaryzowania pouczeń i zredagowania ich w sposób prosty i przystępny dla stron postępowania, Minister Sprawiedliwości określi ich wzory w drodze rozporządzenia w ciągu roku od dnia ogłoszenia ustawy nowelizującej. Po upływie dziesięciu miesięcy ustawodawca wycofuje się jednak z zaproponowanego rozwiązania i w drodze kolejnej tarczy antykryzysowej zamierza derogować przepisy reformy wprowadzające art. 5 § 2 i 3 k.p.c.
Witness testimony in times of pandemic
In March, the European Commission recommended that member states introduce temporary restrictions on travel to the European Union (through 15 May 2020). The vast majority of European countries coordinate border control measures at the EU level. States are again fencing their territories, suspending the free movement of persons also between regions. Restricting travel may not only interfere with holiday plans and delay the delivery of goods and services, but also slow down legal proceedings. However, this can be prevented through legal assistance from cooperating courts of member states.
The bank will transfer attached funds to the bailiff, but not right away
Less than two weeks ago the Act of 13 April 2018 Amending the Civil Code and Certain Other Acts reached the desk of the President of Poland. The act has become the subject of debate, as it calls for shortening of the general limitations periods for claims and modifies the ability of enterprises to pursue claims against consumers after the limitations period expires. There is also a change in execution procedure affecting the ability to conduct electronic attachment of the debtor’s bank account.
Permitted restrictions on freedom of expression under Art. 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights
Art. 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights protects various kinds of expression, including artistic, non-verbal and non-visual forms. This right means the freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of frontiers. But there are situations where the state can legitimately impose certain conditions and restrictions on exercise of this right.
Changes in inheritance law
New rules on heirs’ liability for decedents’ debts are the most significant changes in the set of amendments to the Civil Code and the Civil Procedure Code, among other acts, effective 18 October 2015.
